Industrial production in the EU fell by 0.8% m/m in December

In December 2025, industrial production in the European Union, adjusted for seasonal fluctuations, fell by 0.8% compared to November, while in the eurozone countries, the decline was 1.4% month-on-month. This is evidenced by preliminary data from Eurostat.

Thus, the growth recorded in November (0.2% month-on-month in the EU and 0.7% month-on-month in the eurozone) turned out to be short-lived and was replaced by a decline at the end of the year.

Despite the monthly decline, the annual trend remained positive. In December, industrial production in the EU exceeded the level of the same month in 2024 by 1.4%, and in the eurozone by 1.2% y/y.

Among the main industrial groups in the eurozone, declines in December were recorded in the production of capital goods (-1.9% m/m), energy (-0.3%), and intermediate goods (-0.1%). At the same time, the output of durable goods increased by 0.2%. In the EU, intermediate goods production rose by 0.1%, but capital goods fell by 1.4% and energy by 0.4%.

Among the member states, the largest monthly decline was recorded in Slovakia (-4.9%), Germany (-2.9%) and Spain (-2.6%), while growth was recorded in Luxembourg (+6.4%), Sweden (+4.4%) and Malta (+4.2%).

As a result, the average annual industrial production index for 2025 rose by 1.5% in both the EU and the eurozone, indicating a weak but steady recovery in industry after volatility throughout the year.

As a reminder, in the third quarter of 2025, greenhouse gas emissions in the EU economy increased by 1.1% quarter-on-quarter to 828 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent. EU GDP rose by 0.4% quarter-on-quarter, indicating a continued economic recovery despite the increase in environmental pressure.